Human-Centered AI by Ben Shneiderman

Author:Ben Shneiderman [T. Boothroyd, Andrew]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780192660008
Publisher: OxfordUP
Published: 2021-11-29T22:30:39+00:00

CHAPTER 21: APPENDIX B

Professional Organizations and Research Institutes Working on HCAI

There are hundreds of organizations in this category, so this brief listing only samples some of the prominent ones. A partial listing can be found on Wikipedia.40

Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) launched a global initiative for ethical considerations in the design of AI and autonomous systems. It is an incubation space for new standards and solutions, certifications and codes of conduct, and consensus building for ethical implementation of intelligent technologies.41

IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems (2019) originates with the large professional engineering society and collected more than 200 people over three years to prepare an influential report: “Ethically Aligned Design: A Vision for Prioritizing Human Well-being with Autonomous and Intelligent Systems.”42

ACM, a professional society with 100,000 members working in the computing field, has been active in developing principles and ethical frameworks for responsible computing. ACM’s Technical Policy Committee delivered a report with seven principles for algorithmic accountability and transparency.43

Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is a “nonprofit scientific society devoted to advancing the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their embodiment in machines. AAAI aims to promote research in, and responsible use of, artificial intelligence.” It runs very successful conferences, symposia, and workshops, often in association with ACM, that bring researchers together to present new work and train newcomers to the field.44

OECD AI Policy Observatory is a project of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. It works with policy professionals “to consider the opportunities and challenges” in AI and to provide “a centre for the collection and sharing of evidence on AI, leveraging the OECD’s reputation for measurement methodologies and evidence-based analysis.”45

Associaton for Advancing Automation, founded in 1974 as the Robotics Industries Association, is a North American trade group that “drives innovation, growth, and safety in manufacturing and service industries through education, promotion, and advancement of robotics, related automation technologies, and companies delivering integrated solutions.”46

Machine Intelligence Research Institute (MIRI) is a research non-profit studying the mathematical underpinnings of intelligent behavior. Its mission is to develop formal tools for the clean design and analysis of general-purpose AI systems, with the intent of making such systems safer and more reliable when they are developed.47

Open AI is a San Francisco-based research organization that “will attempt to directly build safe and beneficial Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) … that benefits all of humanity.” Their research team is supported by corporate investors, foundations, and private donations.48

The Partnership on AI, established in 2016 by six of the largest technology companies, has more than 100 industry, academic, and other partners who “shape best practices, research, and public dialogue about AI’s benefits for people and society.” It funded the Partnership on AI, which “conducts research, organizes discussions, shares insights, provides thought leadership, consults with relevant third parties, responds to questions from the public and media, and creates educational material.”49

Montreal AI Ethics Institute is an international, non-profit research institute dedicated to defining humanity’s place in a world increasingly characterized and driven by algorithms.

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